However, yields of TDN (total digestible nutrients) per acre are usually lower from forage sorghums than from corn. There are some technologies emerging, particularly in sorghum, which could be real "game-changers" for the crop in the Florida Panhandle. Oat silage contains higher crude protein and a higher percent of digestible protein than corn silage, sorghum silage, and barley-pea silage. If the shrink loss is 20%, the value of silage would be $43.69 per ton. Varieties of forage sorghum with the brown midrib gene produce forage that has reduced lignin concentrations and UCD Workgroup Alfalfa Traditionally the term "forage sorghum" has been a catch-all phrase for the different sorghum products used for feed or forage. per head daily, 2 to 3 lbs. The present study carried out to evaluate the effects of irrigation regimes (control and water stress) and two nitrogen levels (0, and 112.5 kg ha −1) on dry matter yield and silage quality of proso millet, sorghum and corn plants in 2015-2016.Results showed that dry matter (DM) yields of millet, sorghum and corn plants decreased as a result of water shortage. If you've grown sorghum before or are exploring planting it this crop year, you're probably aware of the diverse array of hybrids available. Depending on which species and variety is selected, sorghum can be used for grazing pasture, hay production, silage and green-chop. Independent studies have shown forage sorghum saves producers an average of more than $200 per acre in total production costs compared to corn silage . Forage sorghum, sorghum-sudan and pearl millet require less water than corn silage and can be used for producing forage when water is limited because of drought or water restrictions. However, the higher moisture content may actually make it more expensive than corn silage. Whereas at soft dough grain sorghum is usually about 90% the energy value of corn silage (65% TDN). Sorghum can yield as much as corn silage, but it does better in warmer climates. Water use in forage sorghum is much less than corn, making forage sorghum an excellent choice during or when recovering from drought. Biomass Sorghum Corn (grain) bushels 100-250 Corn (silage) wet tons 12-18 Cotton bales 1-3 Peanuts lbs 3,200 Rice bushels 144 -164 Sorghum (grain) bushels 80 - 140 Sorghum (silage) wet tons 12-18 Soybeans bushels 25-55 Sweet Potatoes cwt A 150-160 Watermelons cwt 100-200 Wheat (grain) bushels 40-80 A cwt: hundred weight If corn price is $3.50 per bushel, $3.50 multiplied by a factor of 7.65 equates to $26.78 per . While there is much data on the advantages of BMR corn silage, there is virtually no data on grazing BMR corn. Meet a Pig Farmer Who Grows Forage. Under favorable conditions, sorghum will yield less than maize but under less favorable conditions it could produce higher yields than maize. Dry matter content of sorghum before ensiling was 273.12 g/kg. Fertility • Yield goal dependent • Full irrigated (N) - 200 to 300 lbs of N/ac - 8 to 10 lbs/ton of yield goal • Other fertility (check soil test) - 40-60 lbs Phosphorus - 30-45 lbs Sulfur - 5-10 lb Zinc • Save with sorghum . Sorghum can produce a much lower-cost forage for dry cows and heifers. Thus, per-acre yield of total digestible nutrients (TDN) may be lower. Forage Sorghum. Compare forage yield and quality between a modern (Enogen) corn silage (CS) hybrid, multi-cut annual ryegrass (ARG) and a "cocktail" (MIX) of BMR sorghum/sudangrass, Italian ryegrass and three clovers (red, crimson, berseem) after winter rye (WR) as forage. Chopped Silage Fermentation Rate Days post-ensiling Baleage pH Chopped silage pH 05.7 5.7 15.8 5.1 35.7 4.9 95.5 4.6 60 5.1 4.4 R. Lemus, 2010. Brown Mid Rib Trait or BMR. Forage sorghum silage is lower in energy than corn silage, thus additional gain should be fed to get equal gain. Other products such as wheat midds, sugar beet pulp, or cereal grains can be added to potatoes to reduce the moisture content. McCollum said the key to using sorghum silage instead of corn silage is to replace the corn silage on a fiber basis and not dry matter basis. Corn, sorghum, sorghum-sudan hybrids, and cool-season annual grasses usually have sugar concentrations above 5% dry matter (Table 1), and a good, stable silage is often achieved. Sorghum, sudangrass, sorghum sudangrass and millet typically have lower forage quality than common Wisconsin forages. With 10% dry matter shrink, the value of silage delivered to the bunk would be $38.83 per ton. In periods of drought, grain production from corn can advertisement. A meta-analysis was conducted to compare the effects of feeding dairy cows conventional sorghum silage (CSS) or conventional corn silage (CCS) compared with brown midrib sorghum silage (BMRSS . Mercedes González. Single cut: Grain sorghum. BMR sorghum is highly competitive in biomass production, especially in one-cut systems, but generally has lower forage quality than corn. However . Nutrient composition of selected forages. corn silage can be challenging, especially in extreme weather scenarios. Sorghum and corn silage are not new to the Florida Panhandle - several producers have been using these conserved forages for a long time. Forage Sorghum Corn Silage Cytoplasm 6 Cytoplasm 18 Non BMR 4% FCM lb./day 73.3 74.1 68.6 64.0 Grant et al 2003. Production of forage sorghum for silage requires significantly less water than corn silage. For gains of 1.5 lbs. Water efficiency is an area where forage sorghum really shines. Forage Sorghums - includes sorgo, sweet sorghum, dual purpose (grain and forage) varieties, and hybrids. This study summarized data from the corn, forage sorghum, and sorghum-sudangrass performance trials at the University of Florida between 2008 and 2014. I have heard that they plant a lot of SS in parts of Michigan with very high deer population. The feed value (TDN) of sorghum silage per acre is about 90% that of corn silage. Sorghum can provide dairies with an appealing combination of high yield and excellent nutritive value at a cost-effective price. Forage sorghum can be less expensive to grow than corn. Available in a 50 lb. Approach: Identify homogeneous looking areas of 60 . A true forage sorghum generally has little regrowth potential, making it ideal for single-cut, high-moisture harvest situations such as baleage or silage; a great alternative to corn silage in some environments. Each type has very different phe-notypes and mode of forage utiliza-tion. Total mixed rations containing conventional forage sorghum, brown midrib (bmr)-6 forage sorghum, bmr-18 forage sorghum, or corn silage were fed to Holstein dairy cows to determine the effect on lactation, ruminal fermentation, and total tract nutrient digestion. Forage sorghums have coarse stems and wide leaves similar to corn, limited tillering, very slow to regrow after harvest and are primar-ily utilized as whole plant silage after producing a grain head. However, forage sorghum has lower starch concentrations resulting in lower energy concentrations compared with corn (Bean et al. Sixteen multiparous cows (4 ruminally fistulated; 124 d in milk) were assigned to 1 . If planted in June, two cuttings can be obtained and can yield near that of corn on a dry matter basis. An alternative summer annual that has a short growing season and high yields, such as brown midrib (BMR) sorghum, could be a better fit for double cropping rotations. Baleage vs. Forage sorghum can be a profitable alternative crop, provided that it is managed well and used in the right situations. Baleage vs. varieties. Harvest early, soft-dough stage at the latest. 1999). Unique data for forage sorghums, including varying feed values and management needs of different hybrids, is coming out of a Texas A&M AgriLife trial being c. Sorghum advantages during drought. Irrigation costs are where the real money is saved. This resonates with many growers who have experience long periods of drought over the past several years. It is not uncommon to see sugar levels of the 94 MS forage above 15%. Brown midrib sorghum sudangrass can be planted as late as July 15 for one . Save money by trying sorghum instead of corn silage. Methods of Valuing Corn or Grain Sorghum Silage Monte Vandeveer (montev@ksu.edu), Robin Reid (robinreid@ksu.edu), and John Holman (jholman@ksu.edu) Kansas State University Department of Agricultural Economics - August 2018 When hot, dry summer conditions affect corn or grain sorghum, producers may face the decision of what Drought tolerance is found across the board with sorghums . 3. Carefully evaluate the pros and cons of replacing corn with sorghum. While corn is the predominant silage . Forage sorghum typically grows 8-15 feet tall and is most popular for use as silage for feeding livestock. AS6402 is our most popular BMR Sorghum x sudangrass. Sorghum can grow on roughly 40 percent less water . To replace silage corn for 2021, establish fall rye or winter triticale immediately after 2020 silage corn harvest. On average, diets included 42% silages (either BMR sorghum or corn) with a minimum and maximum inclusion rate of 23 and 65% DM. Another warm season grass to consider is planting corn silage after small grain harvest. The single-harvest, photoperiod-sensitive hybrids and conventional sorghum-sudangrass had greater yields (9 to 11 tons of DM per acre) than the BMR hybrids, while corn and forage sorghum were intermediate. Silage yield of forage sorghums is equal to that of corn for the spring crop although nutritive value is somewhat lower. Compared to corn silage, forage sorghum is more economical with fewer inputs, has water requirements that are up to 50 percent lower, and some varieties can provide greater or equal nutritive value. They usually grow 8 to 13 feet tall. That's about what the nutritional value looks like." And that's where a PS variety might work as a replacement for corn silage. Traditionally the term "forage sorghum" has been a catch-all phrase for the different sorghum products used for feed or forage. Production cost of forage sorghum vs. corn silage. sorghum silage hybrids -quality and yield • Forage sorghums are more drought tolerant and able to maintain yield and quality under moderate water stress • Yield potential -20 to 27 tons/ac • Cheaper seed cost (~$18/ac for forage sorghums vs. ~$110/ac for corn silage) • LimitedSCA tolerant sorghum hybrids on market For gains of 1.7 to 2.0 lbs., about 4 to 5 Corn silage has long been the silage of choice for dairies. Harvest at 40 days or 40″, whichever comes first. Cell wall Forage type CP NDF ADF Lignin digestibility* % Alfalfa 16 49 34 7 46 Corn silage 10 51 28 4 68 Timothy 10 66 34 4 57 The sorghum-sudan crosses and pearl millet are better suited for grazing or green chop than for silage. 3. Delivered in the Bunk: Due to the ensiling process, corn silage will experience shrink and dry matter loss from 10% to 20% or more between when silage is packed into the silo and when it is removed to be fed. "A PS forage material is essentially corn silage without any grain in it. On more productive soils, with favorable moisture and fertility, corn is a better silage crop, producing comparable yields and higher feed value than forage sorghums and sorghum-sudangrass hybrids, (Table 1). Other production plusses include increased tolerance of poorer soils and hillsides. of grain per head should be included daily along with protein, mineral and vitamin supplementation. The P&K needed was similar, but the N needed was much less for sorghum. Goal: Compare the yield and quality of a brachytic dwarf BMR forage sorghum with a short-season corn silage variety. Adding 20 to 25 pounds of dry forage or 400 pounds of corn or sorghum-sudan silage per 100 pounds of potatoes will reduce moisture to an acceptable level. Forage sorghum typically provides only one cutting, but sudangrass and sudex can be cut more than once. With some corn varieties topping $350 a bag, or $140 an acre, BMR sorghum at 10 pounds of seed per acre is only about $20 an acre, a savings of $120 an acre before the crop is even planted. I had some soil tested and got a recommendation for 15T of sorghum silage vs. grain corn. Total mixed rations containing conventional forage sorghum, brown midrib (bmr)-6 forage sorghum, bmr-18 forage sorghum, or corn silage were fed to Holstein dairy cows to determine the effect on lactation, ruminal fermentation, and total tract nutrient digestion. Yields in central and Average protein content was similar for both forage diets (17.0% DM); however, average NDF and ADF were higher in the BMR sorghum silage (36.7 and 24.0% DM) than in the corn silage diets (34.9 and 20.6% DM). half of the number of acres planted for corn silage, the number of forage sorghum acres are increasing with a nearly equal number of acres (130,000 corn silage vs. 100,000 for sorghum silage) being grown in Texas Choosing a Sorghum Hybrid Quality and yield will vary more between varieties than what is typically observed in corn. Independent studies have shown that forage sorghum can save an average of $215 per acre in total production costs compared to corn silage. One pilot study was completed in 2016 and three trials are planned for 2017. In variety trials at the Canadian border, sorghum silage tonnage, harvested, has beaten corn by up to 18 percent. The goal of this project is to assess the performance of both forage sorghum and a short-season corn on-site vs. off-site consumption). And, in many cases, forage sorghum silage is comparable to corn silage—both in terms of production and quality. Yields similar to corn silage; 30% less nutrient (nitrogen) requirements than corn silage; 30%-50% less water requirements than corn silage; Productive on marginal soils Sixteen multiparous cows (4 ruminally … 2005). "Maybe I need to grow PS forage sorghum to get the tonnage of fiber I need, then add corn to it to make corn silage," McCollum says. Should go back and look at corn silage vs. sorghum silage. After the cereal silage comes off in mid-May, establish sorghum-sudangrass and take two cuts. One of the ways forage sorghum can save growers money is through reduced irrigation costs. Because these crops are lower-quality forage than corn and because of their tillering nature, they are often grazed. Texas High Plains feedlots and dairies demand large quantities of quality silages. Diets were fed as total mixed ration (TMR) and were offered daily at 7.00 a.m. Orts were collected and weighed daily at 6.30 a.m. When lactating dairy cows were fed diets based on normal forage sorghum, milk yield was not different compared with that of cows fed a diet based on tropical corn silage (CS) (Nichols et al., 1998). Take into account the suitability of the forage for either method, storage capability, weather conditions, and the intended use of the conserved forage (e.g. Breeding efforts in sorghum have led to the development of brown mid-rib (BMR) hybrids. Major use is for silage. 2. Forage Sorghum Silage Vs Corn Silage Brent W. Bean and F. Ted McCollum III Texas Agricultural Research and Extension Center, 6500 Amarillo Blvd., West, Amarillo, TX 79106. b-bean@tamu.edu Abstract Trials were conducted from 1999 to 2005 at the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, near Bushland, TX, to compare forage sorghum types and varieties for their agronomic characteristics, water use . The main advantage of corn over sorghum is that corn tends to be a more consistent product from a nutritive value standpoint. For a Good Crop Use Good Planting Techniques • Soil MUST BE WARM >60F (cool conditions -annual grass - destroys crop • Broadcast and disk/roll = failure An alternative summer annual that has a short growing season and high yields, such as brown midrib (BMR) sorghum, could be a better fit for double cropping rotations. Put simply: forage sorghums can tolerate drought stress better than most other forage crops, including corn. An alternative crop to replace corn silage is brown midrib sorghum sudangrass. Forage crops, such as warm-season perennial grasses and legumes, have low sugar concentrations, and the high protein concentration of legumes buffers (slows) the pH . Compared with corn plants, it uses water more efficiently and is more heat- and drought-tolerant, which is important in areas where irrigation is limited or there is a greater chance of drought. Important management steps to sorghum silage quality are: 1. Thus, strategies that allow for improvements in quality, digestibility or storage are of great interest to beef and dairy producers and their nutritionists. Grain-sorghum hybrids, which typically are shorter in height and have higher grain-to-forage ratios than forage types, also are viable options for use as a silage crop. forage sorghum and a short-season corn variety grown side-by-side to compare both yield and quality. For instance, forage sorghum is cheaper to produce, has comparable yields, but has slightly lower forage quality when compared to corn for silage. corn grown for silage and have little regrowth potential, except in the deep South. Studies have shown that sorghum silage requires approximately 75 percent of the water that corn would use for maximum production. Corn & Forage Sorghum Silage . Corn silage-well eared 10 28 48 133 Corn silage-few ears 8 30 83 115 Sorghum silage 8 32 52 114 Source: Dunham (1998) Table 2. It is more efficient than corn, much less expensive to plant than corn, as well as higher yielding than corn in the southern Midwest, additional forage sorghum vs corn comparisons. In addition, re-ensiled silages presented lower concentrations of lactic acid and higher concentrations of propionic acid than . ¾Quality of silage is the number one reason given for choosing corn over sorghum silage. Corn is usually considered an ideal crop for ensiling because of higher water-soluble Unique data for forage sorghums, including varying feed values and management needs of different hybrids, is coming out of a Texas A&M AgriLife trial being c. The forage quality of a good forage sorghum crop is typically described as 80% of corn silage. Stems and leaves are similar in size to corn. Corn silage. Tonnage yields can be equal to or possibly greater than corn with adequate nutrients and timely water. Many forage growers are discovering the benefits sorghum silage has to offer. The grain content of the forage is near 50%, which is higher than maize. Generally, forage sorghum silage has 75% to 85% of the energy value of corn silage per unit of dry matter, while other summer annual grasses have 60% to 80% percent of the value of corn silage. An energy source will need to be supplemented; producers should consult their nutritionist to correctly balance the ration. Sorghum silage is harvested between the milk and dough grain stage. corn silage can be challenging, especially in extreme weather scenarios. Can be grazed at 18″ or higher. Harvesting, growing sorghum for silage. Seeding rate in the Midwest is 30-40 lbs/acre. The protein yield in oat groats (dehulled kernels) of Spear (Neal x Clintland 64 cross . If forage quality is a high priority, selecting BMR varieties may help improve forage quality. forage sorghum, milk yield was not different from cows fed tropical corn silage (Nichols et al., 1998) but was lower than of cows fed temperate corn silage (Aydin et al. Regardless of crops being planted during the spring or summer seasons, dry matter (DM) yield was lower for both types of sorghums compared to corn silage. A true forage sorghum generally has little regrowth potential, making it ideal for single-cut, high-moisture harvest situations such as baleage or silage; a great alternative to corn silage in some environments. Chopped Silage Fermentation Rate Days post-ensiling Baleage pH Chopped silage pH 05.7 5.7 15.8 5.1 35.7 4.9 95.5 4.6 60 5.1 4.4 R. Lemus, 2010. Forage sorghum is a warm-season annual that is used for silage production and fed to dairy cattle in many regions of the United States. Bird-resistant grain-sorghum varieties, which may contain elevated levels of Silage production is crucial for dairy profitability in the United States. Forage Sorghum Silage Vs Corn Silage Brent W. Bean and F. Ted McCollum III Texas Agricultural Research and Extension Center, 6500 Amarillo Blvd., West, Amarillo, TX 79106. b-bean@tamu.edu Abstract Trials were conducted from 1999 to 2005 at the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, However, in order for corn to be of high nutritional value it must produce large amounts of grain. The energy content of these forages is approximately 90% of corn silage. Producers will have the best of both worlds, excellent forage qualities from BMR-6 and a dependable high- yielding feedstock. Get Sorghum Recipes. In a University of California study that consisted of five Sorghum lines and four corn lines, Sorghum forage was slightly higher in CP content, 7.9% compared with corn at 7.5% although calculated protein yield would favor corn (1.85 vs. 1.72 t/ha . Our studies evaluate strategies that improve fiber and starch digestibility, silage quality or both. Forage harvester, also referred to as a chopper, silage harvester, or just a forager, is a machine that harvests forage plants to make silage in a process known as forage harvesting. AMARILLO - Forage sorghum silage in the Texas High Plains is a viable option with sugarcane aphid control, according to a Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service study. Sudangrass and sorghum-sudangrass This makes The photoperiod-sensitive and conventional sorghum-sudangrass both had the highest yields using two harvests (6 tons of DM per acre). corn silage had higher starch content than sorghum forage, more corn meal was added to the sorghum forage diet (5.7 vs. 8.0 kg/d for CS and SF diet, respectively) in order to have the same dietary starch content. Dr. Jourdan Bell, 806-677-5600, Jourdan.bell@ag.tamu.edu. bag. ¾Problem: Corn requires irrigation water, and lots of it. The 12-h re-ensiling process increased the effluent loss of the silage when compared with conventional silage (456.42 vs. 201.19 g/kg of FM, respectively). With the decreased production, forage sorghum is probably still not as economical as corn silage for lactating cows. They are forage sorghum, sudangrass and sorghum x sudangrass hybrids. However fat corrected milk yield significantly higher for corn silage than Sorghum silage. 2. Conduct a cost analysis to compare the economics of each cropping system. Sorghum is a cereal that is frequently used in the feeding of dairy cows in the form of grain and forage, although it has a lower nutritional value compared to corn.It is often used as silage, mainly grown in areas where rainfall is scarce or irrigation is limited, which make corn cultivation less profitable since it requires more water. Nutrient/ton Cost of seed is much less, averaging $120 per acre for corn vs. $20 per acre for sorghums. Corn silage has been the king of forages on most dairies due to its high yield, high energy, and adaptability to most climates. Brown midrib (BMR) sorghum silage varieties were found to yield 50 to 125 percent more than corn on an inch of water. Download Tech Sheet. Forage sorghums grow to heights of 5-10 feet. Corn vs. Sorghum Silage ¾Corn has been the silage of choice for our beef cattle feedyards and growing number of dairies. Forage plants might include hay, corn, or grass, with silage being these materials chopped into small pieces and compacted in a storage silo, silage bags, or a . With some corn varieties topping $350 a bag, or $140 an acre, BMR sorghum at 10 pounds of seed per acre is only about $20 an acre, a savings of $120 an acre before the crop is even planted. When drought is a concern, sorghum can still produce a . Summer Select 94 MS forage sorghum is an economical one cut forage option that produces large amounts of high energy forage. Sorghum can produce a much lower-cost forage for dry cows and heifers. Brown midrib sorghum sudangrass is high yielding forage with highly digestible fiber. However, corn silage is superior to oat silage in total digestible nutrients (TDN) and digestible energy (17, 56, 96). They can work well in replacement heifer rations, but will considered for forage production because of low dry matter yield. Target dry matter at 32-36%. This male sterile forage sorghum will outperform the competition in yield and disease resistance while providing great seedling vigor. For this reason, there are many studies involving beef on sorghum or sorghum-sudan. The goal of this project is to assess the performance of both forage sorghum and a short-season corn A previous study from 2002 to 2003 concluded that corn silage is often the best option in terms of tonnage and nutritive value, even when planted as late as July. Greater starch and fiber digestibility provide more energy to . Brown-midrib varieties have better digestibility than ordinary sorghum varieties, but typically yield slightly less.
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